Basic Puppy Training: First Commands with Positive Reinforcement
Learn to teach your puppy the first commands using positive reinforcement: name, recall, sit, stay and bite inhibition.
Puppy training does not start at 6 months — it starts the day they arrive home. Puppies are learning machines and the most efficient learning window is between 8 and 16 weeks. Using the right techniques during this period makes the difference between a dog that coexists easily with their family and one that generates daily conflicts. The good news: training a puppy is simple, fun and strengthens the bond extraordinarily.
The Fundamental Principle: Positive Reinforcement
Animal behavior science is clear: dogs learn best when desired behaviors are reinforced with something they value (food, play, petting) and undesired behaviors are ignored or redirected. Physical punishment and "dominance" methods have no scientific support and generate fear, aggression and bond deterioration.
First Cue: Their Name
Before teaching anything else, the puppy must learn to respond to their name. Say their name in a neutral or positive tone, and the moment they look at you, immediately give a treat and a "good!". Repeat 10-15 times in 2-3 minute sessions, several times a day.
Recall: The Most Important Command
A reliable recall can save your dog's life. Use always the same signal, reward heavily every time they come to you, and never use the recall for something the dog dislikes. Practice indoors first, then in the garden, then in progressively more distracting environments.
Sit: The Easiest Command
Hold a treat near the puppy's nose, slowly move your hand upward and slightly backward. As they follow the treat with their nose, their bottom will naturally lower. The moment it touches the floor, say "sit!" and give the treat. Repeat until fluid, then gradually fade the lure.
Stay: Self-Control from an Early Age
Ask them to sit, wait 1-2 seconds without them moving and reward. Gradually increase time (5s, 10s, 30s…) then distance. If they get up before the release signal, return to zero and progress more slowly.
Bite Inhibition
When the puppy bites too hard, say "ouch!" in a high-pitched tone and withdraw your hand. Ignore them for 10-20 seconds, then resume play. Repeat every time the pressure is excessive, gradually lowering the threshold. Always offer a toy as an alternative to biting your hand.
Rules for Effective Training
- Short sessions: 3-5 minutes, several times a day.
- Always end on a positive note.
- One criterion at a time.
- Family consistency: everyone uses the same cues and rules.
- Patience: every puppy has their own pace.
